Doesn’t make a difference if it were 0 degrees, as long as whats in the can is below inlet and out let its gonna breath, if it were close to the top and froze then expansion could happen and block the motor from breathing, if it was full and not frozen, it would be like not having a catch can, you would be pulling the crap from the can, not being factory installed is for the reasons you stated, people would not check them and or drain them, and would have people crying there vehicle was having problems, and just think of the warranties, dealers would be wasting there time dumping out catch cans for free, factory also feels let the engine burn it off, us heavy footed , don't out weight the average driver, so its not cost effective, then lets flip it around, factory installs catch cans on there performance vehicles, now they don't get to sell there services and parts, throttle body cleaning or replacement, injector cleaning and replacement and so on.
3-4 degrees the other day, had no problems, because I check it and empty it every 5-6 weeks, and dump out anywhere from a couple drops to 2 oz, depending on how I drive.
Now the fact that your in Canada, and cold temps are more steady, your case may be a combo, close to full, causing you to suck the super cold air off the ice inside, making any condensation in the tube to freeze and clog up.