Okay here is an update. But some quick background info first.
I am an application engineer for a drivetrain company who manufactures commercial truck axles however; I have previously worked for a few of the largest axle/transmission manufactures. My specialty has been off-highway vehicle applications but I have worked in light vehicle and commercial truck as well.
I sent the pictures and info over to our chief engineer of carrier design to get input on the situation. He sent me a list of questions. I have attached his questions and the answers provided by the SMT at my dealer below:
1) In what condition were the diff nest components (diff pinions and side gears)?
Upon removal of the rear cover, one of the differential pinion gears (#3) along with its thrust washer and the right side axle c clip and a pile of metal debris, were lying in the bottom of the housing.
One of the differential pinion gears shows signs of galling in its bore for the differential pinion shaft (#8)
The teeth of the differential pinion gears are chipped from contacting metal debris.
The differential side gears look almost undamaged at a quick inspection. (they are included with a replacement differential case (#9) anyway.
2) Is the pinion damage limited to the three teeth in the pictures?
Primarily yes.
3) Is the ring gear damage limited to the chips at the toe end and only adjacent to the spider pin hole in the diff case?
No, there are other damaged teeth in various areas.
4) Is there only one set screw retaining the spider pin and was there evidence of the set screw contact on the spider pin or evidence of contact with the spider pin on the inboard end of the set screw?
I am not certain what you are asking here. The differential pinion shaft lock bolt (#7) is broken into at least three pieces. The hex head and threaded portion are still in place, and do not appear to have contacted anything. The portion that is supposed to be inside the Differential pinion shaft (#8) is missing, and presumed to be part of the debris field in the bottom of the housing. The end of the Differential pinion shaft lock bolt (#7) that extends past the differential pinion shaft into the differential case is still in place.
The root cause of this failure, in my opinion, is either the differential pinion shaft lock bolt fractured, or else galling of the differential pinion gear forced the differential pinion shaft to rotate, and sheared the lock bolt.
There was no evidence of the vehicle being stuck, and since the vehicle is equipped with an electronic differential lock, it seems unlikely that the vehicle should have been in a situation where excessive speed differential was encountered.
If you have further questions, feel free to call, or stop by, and I will be happy to review things with you.
XXXXXX XXXXXXXX
Senior Master Technician
1 — Differential side gears (part of kit 4880)
2 — Differential side gear thrust washers (part of kit 4880)
3 — Differential pinion gears (part of kit 4880)
4 — Differential pinion thrust washers (part of kit 4880)
5 — Differential pinion spring (part of kit 4880)
6 4209
Differential ring gear
7 — Differential pinion shaft lock bolt (part of kit 4880)
8 4211
Differential pinion shaft
9 4204
Differential case
10 4216
Differential ring gear bolt (12 required)
11 4221
Differential bearing
12 — Cam-ring (part of kit 4880)
13 — Plunger (part of kit 4880)
14 — Coil (part of kit 4880)
15 — Coil bolt (part of kit 4880) (6 required)
16 — Stopper (part of kit 4880) (3 required