I have a 2001 F150 with the 4.6 that needed just a little more oomph, so i installed an SCT flash tuner and a 3" exhaust with a Flowmaster 40 series muffler. The sound was deeper and far from obnoxious, so it was perfect for a 62 yo. But, oh the drone I had created at 70 - 75 mph, and much of my driving is on interstates. The drone was so strong that it actually upset my inner ear enough to make me slightly nauseated. So of course I googled and learned about quarter wave resonance cancellation through the use of J-pipes. Folks, I admit I did not go through any calculations, but I was finding a lot of examples of people with v8s installing J-pipes inline before the muffler, and they were in the 26" to 28" range. So my friendly muffler shop, after much discussion about never having heard of such thing, but did look at the many photos I had printed off the Internet, basically said it's your money and made the installation that you see in the pictures. I am happy to say that I lucked out and the cancellation of resonance is perfect for me, because the drone was instantly gone at all rpms.
View attachment 93094
View attachment 93095
View attachment 93096